Romania
⚠ Some figures here are still settling — medium confidence. Verify against the primary regulator before relying on them.
Romania licenses remote gambling under Government Emergency Ordinance (GEO) 77/2009, with the National Gambling Office (ONJN, established 2013) operating the current online-licensing regime since 2015. GEO 82/2023 and GEO 80/2024 overhauled the market: higher annual licence fees, a GGR-based annual authorization tax, a mandatory Romanian registered office or an EU/EEA entity with a permanent establishment registered in Romania, larger guarantee funds, an unlicensed-operator blacklist, and a new self-excluded-persons procedure (ONJN Order 79/2025, effective 17 June 2025). Operators pay a two-tier charge — a flat annual licence fee plus an authorization tax tied to gross gaming revenue — and player winnings are taxed progressively at withdrawal. Because several key figures were changed mid-2023 to 2025, confidence is set to medium and figures should be re-checked against ONJN before reliance.
Gross gaming revenue (GGR) for the annual authorization tax; participation fees (turnover) for the monthly charge
approx. 30% of GGR authorization tax (from 1 Aug 2025), min ~EUR 480,000/yr
Online authorization tax was raised under the 2023-2025 reforms; a separate monthly charge of ~2% on participation fees also applies, plus a progressive withholding on player winnings (~3% to 40%). Mid-reform - verify against ONJN. Distinct from the annual licence fee.
GEO 82/2023 overhauled the regime: higher fees, GGR-based authorization tax, larger guarantees and enforcement/blacklist measures
GEO 80/2024 and related measures tightened local-presence and B2B compliance obligations
Authorization tax ~30% of GGR (min ~EUR 480,000) from 1 Aug 2025; self-exclusion register procedure (Order 79/2025) effective 17 June 2025
Not legal or tax advice. This is a teaching summary; confirm every figure against the primary regulator (Oficiul National pentru Jocuri de Noroc (National Gambling Office)) before relying on it.